:root {
    --primary-color: #2c5282;
    --secondary-color: #38a169;
    --accent-color: #ed8936;
    --dark-color: #1a202c;
    --light-gray: #f7fafc;
    --success-color: #48bb78;
    --warning-color: #ed8936;
    --info-color: #4299e1;
}

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
    font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #333;
    padding-top: 80px; /* Added to prevent navbar overlap */
}

/* Navigation */
.navbar {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    box-shadow: 0 2px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    padding: 0.8rem 0; /* Added vertical padding */
}

.navbar-brand {
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: white !important;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-link {
    color: white !important;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin: 0 8px; /* Reduced margin for better spacing */
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    padding: 10px 16px !important; /* Added padding for better click area */
    border-radius: 6px; /* Added rounded corners */
}

.navbar-nav .nav-link:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color) !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1); /* Added background on hover */
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(44, 82, 130, 0.85), rgba(56, 161, 105, 0.85)), 
                url('./images/Topo.jpg');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    color: white;
    padding: 80px 0 100px; /* Reduced top padding due to body padding-top */
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center; /* Center content vertically */
}

.hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute; /* Changed from relative to absolute */
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: url('data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 1000 100" fill="white" opacity="0.1"><polygon points="0,100 1000,0 1000,100"/></svg>');
    background-size: cover;
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    width: 100%; /* Ensure full width */
}

.hero h1 {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    animation: fadeInUp 1s ease;
}

.hero p {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    animation: fadeInUp 1s ease 0.2s both;
}

.btn-primary {
    background: var(--accent-color);
    border: none;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    font-weight: 600;
    border-radius: 50px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    animation: fadeInUp 1s ease 0.4s both;
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background: #111110;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(237, 137, 54, 0.4);
}

/* Mobile Responsive Fixes */
@media (max-width: 991px) {
    body {
        padding-top: 70px; /* Reduced padding for mobile */
    }
    
    .hero {
        padding: 40px 0 60px; /* Reduced padding for mobile */
        min-height: auto; /* Remove min-height on mobile */
    }
    
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 2.5rem; /* Smaller font for mobile */
        margin-top: 0;
    }
    
    .hero p {
        font-size: 1.1rem; /* Smaller font for mobile */
    }
    
    .navbar-nav .nav-link {
        margin: 5px 0; /* Stack items vertically on mobile */
        text-align: center; /* Center align on mobile */
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    body {
        padding-top: 65px; /* Further reduced for small mobile */
    }
    
    .hero {
        padding: 30px 0 50px; /* Further reduced padding */
    }
    
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 2rem; /* Even smaller for very small screens */
        line-height: 1.3;
    }
    
    .hero p {
        font-size: 1rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }
    
    .navbar-brand {
        font-size: 1.3rem; /* Smaller brand text on mobile */
    }
}
@media (max-width: 991px) {
    .hero {
        padding: 100px 0 60px;
        min-height: auto;
    }
    
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }
    
    .hero p {
        font-size: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 25px;
    }
    
    .btn-primary {
        padding: 10px 25px;
        margin-top: 15px;
    }
    
    /* Reduce satellite icon size on mobile */
    .fa-satellite-dish {
        font-size: 5rem !important;
        margin-top: 20px;
    }
}

/* Section Styles */
.section {
    padding: 100px 0;
}

.section-title {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 60px;
}

.section-title h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.section-title p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #666;
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

/* Card Styles */
.card {
    border: none;
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    height: 100%;
}

.card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.card-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    color: white;
    border-radius: 15px 15px 0 0 !important;
    padding: 20px;
}

.card-body {
    padding: 25px;
}

/* Project Cards */
.project-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 15px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    height: 100%;
    position: relative;
    align-items: flex-start;   /* Align icon and text at the top */
    padding: 20px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.project-image {
    position: relative;
    height: 200px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.project-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.project-card:hover .project-image img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.project-badge {
    position: absolute;
    top: 15px;
    left: 15px;
    background: var(--accent-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 5px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.project-badge.featured {
    background: var(--success-color);
}

.project-category {
    position: absolute;
    top: 15px;
    right: 15px;
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.7);
    color: white;
    padding: 5px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.project-content {
    padding: 25px;
}

.project-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.project-content p {
    color: #666;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.project-tech {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.tech-tag {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--light-gray);
    color: var(--dark-color);
    padding: 4px 12px;
    border-radius: 15px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin: 2px;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.project-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    align-items: center;
}

.project-actions .btn {
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.project-actions .btn-primary {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    border: none;
    padding: 8px 20px;
}

.project-actions .btn-outline-secondary {
    border: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
    color: #666;
    padding: 8px 12px;
}

.project-actions .btn-outline-secondary:hover {
    background: var(--light-gray);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* filter button */
.filter-buttons {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    padding: 0 10px;
}

.filter-btn {
    padding: 8px 16px;
    border: 2px solid black;
    background: transparent;
    color: black;
    border-radius: 25px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    font-size: 14px;
    white-space: nowrap;
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    max-width: 140px;
}

.filter-btn.active {
    background: forestgreen;
    color: white;
    border-color: forestgreen;
}

.filter-btn:hover {
    background: forestgreen;
    color: white;
    border-color: forestgreen;
}

/* Mobile responsiveness */
@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .filter-buttons {
        gap: 6px;
        padding: 0 5px;
    }
    
    .filter-btn {
        padding: 8px 12px;
        font-size: 12px;
        max-width: 110px;
        flex: 1 1 auto;
    }
}

/* For very small screens */
@media (max-width: 400px) {
    .filter-btn {
        font-size: 11px;
        padding: 6px 10px;
        max-width: 100px;
    }
    
    .filter-buttons {
        gap: 4px;
    }
}
/* Research Cards */
.research-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 15px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    height: 100%;
}

.research-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.research-image {
    position: relative;
    height: 180px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.research-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.research-card:hover .research-image img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.research-category {
    position: absolute;
    top: 15px;
    right: 15px;
    background: rgba(44, 82, 130, 0.9);
    color: white;
    padding: 5px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.research-content {
    padding: 20px;
}

.research-content h4 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.research-content p {
    color: #666;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.research-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.research-status {
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-status.active {
    background: #d4edda;
    color: #155724;
    border: 1px solid #c3e6cb;
}

.research-status.ongoing {
    background: #fff3cd;
    color: #856404;
    border: 1px solid #ffeaa7;
}

.research-status.completed {
    background: #cce5ff;
    color: #004085;
    border: 1px solid #b8daff;
}

.research-funding {
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    color: #495057;
    border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
}

.research-tags {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.research-tags .tag {
    display: inline-block;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    color: white;
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin: 2px;
}

.research-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 8px;
}

.research-actions .btn-sm {
    padding: 6px 15px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

/* Team Section */
.team-member {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.team-avatar {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: white;
    font-size: 3rem;
}

.team-member h4 {
    color: var(--dark-color);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.team-member .text-muted {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    background: var(--dark-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 50px 0 30px;
}

.footer h5 {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.footer a {
    color: #ccc;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.footer a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.footer .social-links a {
    color: #ccc;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.footer .social-links a:hover {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Animations */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(30px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.fade-in {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.6s ease;
}

/* Utility Classes */
.bg-gradient-primary {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
}

.text-gradient {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
}

/* Smooth Scrolling */
html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

/* Custom Scrollbar */
::-webkit-scrollbar {
    width: 8px;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
    background: #f1f1f1;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 4px;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
    background: var(--secondary-color);
}
/* Nature Climate Change Article Card Styles */
.article-card {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 800px;
    background-color: white;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    margin: 20px auto;
}

.article-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

.journal-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    color: white;
    padding: 15px 25px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.journal-name {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.open-access-badge {
    background-color: var(--success-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 5px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.article-content {
    padding: 30px;
}

.article-title {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.article-details {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    margin-top: 25px;
    padding-top: 20px;
    border-top: 1px solid #eaecef;
}

.detail-item {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.detail-label {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #7f8c8d;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.detail-value {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.article-abstract {
    color: #34495e;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-top: 20px;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.article-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 25px;
}

.article-tag {
    background-color: #e8f4fc;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    padding: 5px 12px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.card-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    margin-top: 30px;
}

.article-btn {
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    border: none;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.article-btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
}

.article-btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: #154360;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.article-btn-outline {
    background-color: transparent;
    border: 1px solid var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.article-btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: #f0f7ff;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Responsive adjustments for article card */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .article-details {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
    }
    
    .article-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .card-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .article-content {
        padding: 20px;
    }
}

/* Add this to your existing media query section */
@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .article-title {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }
    
    .journal-header {
        padding: 12px 20px;
    }
    
    .journal-name {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }
    
    .hero p {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
    
    .section {
        padding: 60px 0;
    }
    
    .section-title h2 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .project-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .project-actions .btn {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: center;
    }
    
    .research-meta {
        justify-content: center;
    }
    
    .research-actions {
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .hero {
        padding: 80px 0;
    }
    
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .project-image {
        height: 150px;
    }
    
    .research-image {
        height: 140px;
    }
    
    .team-avatar {
        width: 120px;
        height: 120px;
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }
}

/* Loading Animation */
.loading {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    border: 3px solid #f3f3f3;
    border-top: 3px solid var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 50%;
    animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes spin {
    0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
    100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

/* Hover Effects */
.hover-lift {
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.hover-lift:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

/* Focus States for Accessibility */
.btn:focus,
.nav-link:focus {
    outline: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Print Styles */
@media print {
    .navbar,
    .footer,
    .project-actions,
    .research-actions {
        display: none !important;
    }
    
    .section {
        padding: 20px 0;
    }
    
    .card,
    .project-card,
    .research-card {
        box-shadow: none;
        border: 1px solid #ddd;

    }
    /* Collaborations Page */
.collab-category {
  margin-bottom: 60px;
}

.category-title {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 25px;
  color: var(--primary-color);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.collab-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
}

.collab-card {
  background: white;
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 20px;
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--dark-color);
  box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.collab-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  background: var(--light-gray);
}



}